Cooling System

Cooling System; All refrigeration systems, both refrigerators (refrigerators) and air conditioners (air conditioners) have four main components, namely compressors, condensers, expansion devices, and evaporators. The absence of one of these components, then the cooling system will not be able to work to cool the air.

In addition to the basic components, there are additional components of the cooling system. Named additional components because without additional components, the cooling system can still work to cool the air. Additional components of the cooling system include filter/drier, accumulator, and receiver. Receivers are sometimes combined with a filter/drier, but some are independent. Let's discuss them one by one.

Compressor as a driving force for refrigerant flow. In our bodies, the compressor is likened to a heart that pumps blood. Refrigerant from the evaporator enters the compressor in the form of steam with low temperature and low pressure. Then by the compressor, the steam is compressed (press) and removed from the compressor still in the form of steam with high temperature and high pressure. The steam passes through the pressure pipe, is pressed out of the compressor, and then flows into the condenser at the very top.

Condenser is cooled by outside air at room temperature. There are several types of condensers used in refrigeration systems. The refrigerant from the compressor enters the upper condenser in the form of steam with high temperature and high pressure. In the pipe along the condenser, the gas is cooled from the outside by air, so the temperature drops. After the temperature reaches the condensation temperature and then condenses. His form gradually turned to liquid, but the pressure was still high. When the refrigerant exits the bottom of the condenser, it has completely changed to liquid at room temperature or further cold, but the pressure is still high. The liquid then flows into the filter/drier.

Filter dryer  contains drying material (silica gel) between two filter wires. It can absorb moisture, acid, and filter impurities in the system. The liquid refrigerant from the dryer at high pressure flows into the receiver.

Receiver is a component that accommodates refrigerant. Refrigerant enters the receiver in the form of liquid and partly vapor. Liquid refrigerant is accommodated at the bottom of the accumulator, only liquid refrigerant from the bottom can flow into the capillary tube.

Capillary pipes have very small holes and can reduce pressure. When the liquid refrigerant flows in the capillary tube, it gets very large resistance and resistance, so the pressure decreases. The refrigerant that comes out of the capillary tube is still a liquid at room temperature, but the pressure has dropped to a very low level, and then enters the evaporator.

Evaporator consists of large pipes. The pressure in the pipe is very low, because it is sucked in by the compressor. When the liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator, the liquid immediately evaporates and its form changes from liquid to vapor with low temperature and low pressure. To change a liquid into a vapor, heat is needed. The heat is taken from near the evaporator in the refrigerator. From the evaporator refrigerant flows into the accumulator.

Accumulator is a reservoir for the refrigerant that has evaporated and the liquid refrigerant that has not evaporated in the evaporator. The liquid refrigerant is accommodated at the bottom of the accumulator, only the vapor refrigerant from the top can flow into the compressor suction line.

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